Bibliography of
CSS Virginia (Merrimack)
vs USS Monitor

See the numerous historical documents listing at

• Original references

See also our bibliographies for

• American Civil War
• Catesby ap Roger Jones
• Thomas ap Catesby Jones
• 19th Century Navy

Other relevant bibliographies available on the Internet:

• A Monitor Bibliography at the Mariners' Museum (excellent!)
• Civil War bibliography at the Naval Historical Center
• Hampton Roads bibliography at the US Army Military History Institute
  • Textual version at the MIL-HIST site (older version)

Other bibliographies:

• Hampton Roads battle bibliography by David Smith
• USS Monitor bibliography by Gordon Watts
• US Navy bibliography by Charles Harbeck.

When possible, I'm including a hyperlink to some library listing the book. For some books, I will list the libraries where I've seen it in their catalogues. See the bottom of the page for abbreviations. (I don't necessarily mark all books below in all the libraries below.)

Indicates a link to the Historical Documents (eyewitnesses) pages.

• Abbott, John Stevens Cabot
  The History of the Civil War in America;
  comprising a full and impartial account of the origin and progress of the rebellion, of the various naval and military engagements, of the heroic deeds performed by armies and individuals, and of touching scenes in the field, the camp, the hospital, and the cabin.
  H.Bill, New York. 2 Vols. 1864-66. Vol 1, Chapter XIV: "The Merrimac and Monitor" pp. 336-352. The destruction of the Gosport Navy Yard by the Union is described on pages 100-103. (Online copy at the Making of America at UMich)
  The errors are rampant in this article, both in what the author assumed and what he should have known.
• Abbott, Willis J.
  Blue Jackets of '61
  A History of the Navy in the War of Seccession
  Dodd, Mead, and Company. New York. 1886. 319pp.
  Chapter IX (pp 129-154) is about the Virginia and the Monitor. (Copy at MT)
• Adts, N.
  Le Monitor et le Merrimac.
  Paris C. Janera. 1862. 39 (I) pp. Plate.
• Amadon, George F.
  Rise of the Ironclads.
  Pictorial Histories Publishing Company. Missoula, Montana. 1988.
  Although this is a pictorial book, it has lots of detail and is well documented. It includes most every relevant picture or drawing related to the Ironclads. (75 pages) (Copy at VPI, MT)
• An Account of the reception given by the citizens of New York to the survivors of the officers and crews of the U.S. frigates "Cumberland" and "Congress."...
  Apl. 10th, 1862. New York. J.A. Gray & Grim, prs. [1862] 38pp. Plate.
  Also in Moore, Frank. The Rebellion Record: A Diary of American Events. Vol. 4. Jan 62 - May 62. pp 465-468. New York: G.P. Putnam, 1862.
• Anderson, Bern.
  By Sea and by River; The Naval History of the Civil War.
  Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. New York. 1962. Reprinted by Da Capo Press, New York, 1989. 303pp.
  (Copy at MT)
• Atlantic Monthly
  "General McClellan"
  Vol. 59, Issue 354, pp. 546-559. Atlantic Monthly Co., Boston. April 1887.
  The critique of McClellan's Own Story discusses the effects of the Virginia on the Peninsula Campaign.
• Barthell, Edward East
  The Mystery of the Merrimack.
  Dana Printing Company, Muskegon, Michigan, 1959. 54p
  Excellent exposition on the usage of "Merrimack" versus "Merrimac". (Copy at LoV, HRNM, VMI, NPL, UVA, UI-Urbana, MT)
  This book has been reprinted and is available from the Mariners' Museum.
• Bathe, Greville.
  Ship of Destiny:
  A record of the US Steam Frigate Merrimac, 1855-1862.
  With an appendix on the development of the U.S. naval cannon from 1812-1865.
  St. Augustine, FL. 1951. 82pp (Copy at SMU)
• Baxter, James Phinney.
  The Introduction of the Ironclad Warship.
  Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, 1933. 398 pp. (Reprinted 1966(?), 1968 by Archon) (Reprinted by the Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, MD. as part of the Classics of Naval Literature series, 2001) (Copy at LAPL, 2001 copy at MT)
• Bearss, Ed .
  River of Lost Opportunities.
  H.E. Howard, Inc. Lynchburg, Virginia. 1995. 202pp (Copy at VMI, MT)
  About the James River. Excellent description of the battle of Drewry's Bluff.
• Beatty, Patricia, and Phillip Robbins.
  Eben Tyne, Powdermonkey.
  New York : Morrow Junior Books, 1990. 227 pp.
  A thirteen-year-old powdermonkey in the Confederate navy joins the crew of the ironclad Merrimack in a mission to break the Union blockade of Norfolk harbor. (Copy at NPL, MT)
• Beers, Henry Putney
  Guide to the Archives of the Government of the Confederate States of America
  The National Archives and Records Service. General Services Administration. Washington. 1968 536pp. (Copy at MT)
• Beers, Henry Putney
  The Confederacy. A Guide to the Archives of the Government of the Confederate States of America.
  Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration.1998. 536pp.
  Reprint from 1986 with a new title of the 1968 version. A guide to the information in the archives, with some pointers to information elsewhere. Very detailed. Highly recommended! However the book is wrong in that there is no card index to record group 45 for the time of the Civil War. (1998 Copy at MT)
• Bennett, Frank Marion
  The Monitor and the Navy Under Steam.
  Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1900. 369 pp. (Copy at UMich, UNC)
• Berent, Irwin Mark
  "Georgians Crewed the Virginia."
  in Georgia Genealogical Society Quarterly., v. 15, No. 1( Spring 1979), pp. 123-127.
  Describes some of the Georgians who served on the CSS Virginia.
• Berent, Irwin Mark.
  The Crewmen of the USS Monitor:
  A Biographical Directory
  Dept. of Cultural Resources, Raleigh, N.C. 1982. 76pp.
  In the U.S.S. Monitor National Marine Sanctuary Historical report series ; vol. 2, no.1, Sponsored by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce. (Copy at UI-Urbana, UW-Madison)
• Beschke, William
  Memorial to the Congress, government and people of the United States :
  concerning several great inventions of national importance, and the infringements of a United States patent in building ironclad vessels and iron turrets.
  Submitted in January, 1865 . Philadelphia.1865. 53pp.
  Microfiche. Louisville [Ky.] : Lost Cause Press, 1968, 3 microfiches. (Selected Americana from Sabin's Dictionary ... ) (Copy at Rice)
• Besse, Sumner Bradford.
  U.S. Ironclad Monitor, with data and references for a scale model.
  Newport News, Va., Mariners' Museum, 1936.
• Besse, Sumner Bradford.
  C.S. Ironclad Virginia, with data and references for a scale model.
  Newport News, Va., Mariners' Museum, 1937. 47pp. Museum Publication #4.
  (Copy at LoV, VMI, NPL, WMVa, UVA)
• Besse, Sumner Bradford.
  C.S. Ironclad Virginia and U.S. Ironclad Monitor, with data and references for a scale model.
  Newport News, Va., Mariners' Museum, 1978.
• Besse, Sumner Bradford.
  C.S. Ironclad Virginia and U.S. Ironclad Monitor.
  Newport News, Va., Mariners' Museum, 1996. 54pp
  The Mariners' Museum is offering a 1996 revised edition of the 1933 & 1978 book for $10.95. (Copy at MT)
• Blair, Clay.
  Diving for Pleasure and Treasure .
  With photographs by Walter Bennett.  World Pub. Co.  Cleveland, OH. 1960. 348pp.
• Black, Wallace B.
  Blockade-Runners and Ironclads:
  Naval Action in the Civil War.
  F. Watts. New York. 1997
  Juvenile Literature.
• Bowen, John.
  The History and Battlefields of the Civil War .
  Edison, N. J.: Quarto Publishing Co. (Wellfleet Press), 1991. 351 pp.
• Boynton, Charles B.
  The History of the Navy During the Rebellion.
  New York: Appleton, 1867-68. 2 vols.
• Bradford, Ned (Editor).
  Battles and Leaders of the Civil War.
  Meridian (Penguin Books USA), New York. 1989. 626pp
  Originally published in 1956, this book reprints the words of the participants of the Civil War. It contains articles by Lt. Wood of the Virginia and Lt. Greene of the Monitor. This is just a subset of the works in the full Battles and Leaders of the Civil War published in 1887-1888. (see Johnson below) (Electronic copy at eHistory. Copy at MT)
• Bradley, Chester Dale.
  President Lincoln's Campaign Against the Merrimac.
  Springfield, Ill. 1958. "Reprinted from the Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, Spring 1958, vol. LI, no. 1." (Copy at NPL, WMVa)
• Brent, Martha Buxton Porter.
  Memoirs.
  Notations by E. Griffith Dodson.
  Wakefield, Va., 1934. 54pp (Copy at NPL)
  A relative of John L. Porter, the constructor of the Virginia.
• Broadwater, John D.
  "Ironclad at Hampton Roads"
  in The Virginia Calvalcade, Winter 1984.
• Brock, R. A. (Robert Alonzo) [editor].
  Gen. Robert Edward Lee; Soldier, Citizen, and Christian Patriot .
  Richmond, Va., B. F. Johnson publishing co. 1897. 586 pp.
  In appendix: 'The services of the "Virginia" ("Merrimac"),' by C. A. R. Jones (Copy at LoV, UVA, Wayne, UNC)
• Brooke, George M., Jr.
  Ironclads and Big Guns of the Confederacy
  The Journal and Letters of John M. Brooke.
  University of South Carolina Press. Columbia, South Carolina. 2002. 257pp. (Copy at MT)
• Brooke, George M., Jr.
  John M. Brooke; Naval Scientist and Educator.
  University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville, 1980. 372pp. (Copy at MT)
• Brooke, St. George Tucker.
  "The Merrimac-Monitor Battle."
  Transallegheny Historical Magazine. Vol. 2, no. 1 (Oct. 1902), pp 30-42.
  (Copy at UVA. Also in the papers of Harold Nan B. at UVA.)
• Burnett, Constance Buel.
  Captain John Ericsson, Father of the "Monitor".
  Vanguard, 1960. 255 p. (Copy at Houston Public Library)
• Bushnell, Samuel C.
  The Story of the Monitor and the Merrimac.
  in Maryland addresses and papers. New Haven(?), 1924(?). 12pp. (Copy at Mich. State Univ., UI-Urbana, UW-Madison, Duke)
• Bushnell, C. S. (Cornelius Scranton)
  The Story of the Monitor, The Original United States Warship Monitor.
  New Haven, 1899. See William Wells, compiler.
• Butt, Marshall Wingfield.
  Norfolk Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, Virginia:
  A Brief History.
  Public Information Office. Portsmouth, Va. 1959. 28p.
  Ships built, together with some notable vessels rebuilt, converted or completed by the Norfolk Naval Shipyard.
• Butts, Francis Banister.
  "My First Cruise at Sea and the Loss of the Ironclad Monitor".
  Personal narratives of the Battles of the Rebellion, being papers read before the Rhode Island Soldiers and Sailors Historical Society ;  no. 4.  Providence, S.S. Rider, 1878. 23pp.(Electronic copy)
• Butts, Francis Banister.
  "The Monitor and the Merrimac".
  Personal narratives of events in the War of the Rebellion, being papers read before the Rhode Island Soldiers and Sailors Historical Society ;  fourth series, no. 6.  Providence, The Society, 1890. 51 p. (Copy at Duke, Electronic copy)
  Includes a list of officers and seaman of the Monitor.
• Campbell, Mrs. A. A.
  "The First Fight of Ironclads"
  in Confederate Veteran V XXIX, 1921. pp 290-291.
• Campbell, R. Thomas.
  Gray Thunder: Exploits of the Confederate States Navy.
  Burd Street Press, Shippensburg, PA, 1996. 212pp
  He presents a compelling story in the two chapters on the Virginia. See his other volumes in this series. (Copy at MT)
• Campbell, R. Thomas and Alan R. Flanders.
  Confederate Phoenix: The CSS Virginia.
  Burd Street Press, Shippensburg, PA, 2001. 272pp
  (Copy at MT)
• Canfield, Eugene B.
  Civil War Naval Ordnance
  Naval History Division, Navy Department. 1969. 24pp
  Contains drawings and gun statistics, including some ranges. (Copy at MT)
• Canney, Donald L.
  The Old Steam Navy. Volume Two. The Ironclads, 1842-1885.
  Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, MD, 1993;4to, xvi, 167 pp.  (Copyright 1990-1991)
• Cannon, Le Grand Bouton.
  Recollections of the Iron Clads, Monitor and Merrimack and Incidents of the Fights.
  Burlington, VT: Free Press Steam Book and Job Printing House, 1875. 10 pp. (Copy at UVA)
• Carter, Alden R.
  Battle of the Ironclads : The Monitor and the Merrimack.
  New York : F. Watts, 1993. A First Book series.
  Children's book. (Copy at NPL)
• Catton, Bruce.
  The Civil War.
  The American Heritage Library. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1988. 382 pp.
• Chase, Salmon P.
  Letter to General Burnside, May 11, 1862.
  Salmon Portland Chase collection.
  Letter describes the taking of Norfolk and the scuttling of the Merrimack.
• Church, William Conant.
  "John Ericsson"
  Scribner's Monthly. Vol. 17, Issue 6. April 1879.
• Church, William Conant.
  "John Ericsson, The Engineer - July 31, 1803 - March 8, 1889".
  Scribner's Magazine. I: Vol. 7, Issue 2, February, 1890, pp. 169-187. II: Vol. 7, Issue 3, March, 1890, pp. 336-361.
• Church, William Conant.
  The Life of John Ericsson.
  Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1891.
• Combat naval de Hampton-Roads (Etats-Unis) 8 et 9 mars, 1862.
  Paris. Challamel sine. 1862. 14pp. Plate.
• Confederate States of America.
  Proceedings of a naval general court-martial, in the case of Captain Josiah Tattnall.
  Richmond. Macfarlane & Fergusson, prs. 1862. (7) 90 (I) pp. (Copy at Rice, MT)
• Confederate States of America. Congress
  Journal of the Congress of the Confederate States of America. 1861-1865.
  Washington: G. P. O., 1904-1905. 7v.
  Online copy (searchable) at the Library of Congress.
• Confederate States of America. Congress. House of Representatives.
  A bill to distribute bounty, granted as a reward to the officers and men serving on board of the Virginia, Patrick Henry, Jamestown, Raleigh, Beaufort and Teazer, for their gallantry and courage in the naval engagement with the enemy's vessels in Hampton Roads, on the 8th and 9th of March, 1862
  Richmond. April 8,1863.  Filmed from the holdings of the Boston Athenaeum. Microfilm. New Haven, Conn. : Research Publications, [1974]. On reel 6 of 143 microfilm reels ; 35 mm. (Confederate imprints, 1861-1865 ; reel 6, no. 325). 2pp. (Copy at Rice, MT)
• Confederate States of America. Congress. Senate.
  A bill making an appropriation for the erection of additional buildings at Drewry's Bluff for the accommodation of acting midshipmen.
  Richmond, 1864. Senate, no. 144. Senate, December 17, 1864 (Copy at LoV)
• Congdon, Don, Ed.
  Combat: The Civil War.
  New Jersey: The Blue and Grey Press, 1967. 564 pp. (Copy at VMI)
• Coski, John M.
  Capital Navy; The Men, Ships and Operations of the James River Squadron.
  Savas Woodbury Publishes, Campbell, CA. 1996. 344pp. (Copy at MT)
• Cracknell, W.H.
  United States Navy Monitors of the Civil War. Warship Profile 36
  (Sept. 1973).
• Crockett, Albert S., editor
  "Aboard the U.S.S. Monitor"
  [Louis N. Stodder] Civil War Times Illustrated, January 1963, pp 31-36.
• Curtis, Alice Turner
  A Yankee Girl at Hampton Roads
  Penn Publishing Co., Pennsylvania. 1927. 2213pp. (Copy at Athenaeum)
  Juvenile fiction.
• Curtis, Richard.
  History of the Famous Battle Between the Iron-Clad Merrimac, C.S.S., and the Iron-Clad Monitor and the Cumberland and Congress of the U.S. Navy,
  March the 8th and 9th, 1862, as Seen by a Man at the Gun
  Norfolk, Va.: S. S. Turner and Sons, 1907.
  17 pages of his account of the battle. Interesting descriptions from his viewpoint at a bow gun. (Copy at MoC, LoV.)
• Cussler, Clive
  The Sea Hunters
  New York : Simon & Schuster, 1996. 364 pp.
  Also published by Pocket Books, NY, in 1997. Part 3 has a fictionalized account of the batttle in Chapter 1 and then discuses the wrecks and artifacts in Chapters 3 and 4. (Copy at MT)
• Dabney, T. G.
  "The Virginia Victorious"
  in Confederate Veteran V. XXXI, 1923. pp 394, 398.
• Daily Advertiser.
  Daily Advertiser Extra! :
  Sunday, May 11 - 1 p.m. : capture of Norfolk, Portsmouth, and the navy yards ... : later the Merrimack destroyed ... : latest 2:30 p.m. flight of the rebels toward Richmond ...
  Broadside. May 11, 1862. (Copy at LoV).
• Daly, Robert Welter.
  How the Merrimac Won.
  Thomas Y. Crowell Company. New York. 1957. 211pp (Copy at LoV, VMI, NPL, VPI, UVA, NCSU, MT)
• Damaree, Albert L.
  "Our Navy's Worst Headache: The Merrimack."
  USNIP 88, March 1962, pp. 130-32.
• D'Angelo, Schoenewaldt Associates.
  U.S.S. Monitor Preliminary Recovery Study:  Preliminary Engineering Feasibility.
  North Carolina Division of Archives and History, Underwater Archaeology Branch.  Kure Beach, N.C. 1981.  60pp.
• Davis, William C.
  Duel Between the First Ironclads.
  Louisiana State University Press. Baton Rouge, Louisiana. (and by Doubleday. Garden City, NJ) 1975. 201pp. Also reprinted as a paperback in 1981, 1994 (Stackpole Books. Mechanicsburg, PA).
  Excellently researched book with detailed information about the sources. (Copy at LoV, NCSU. MT; 1981, 1994 copies at MT)
• Dawson, Francis W.
  Reminiscences of Confederate Service; 1861-1865.
  Bell I Wiley, editor. Louisiana State University Press. Baton Rouge, Lousiana. 1980. 214pp. Originally published by The News and Courier Book Presses, Charleston, S.C., 1882.
  Although Dawson became a CSA Captain, he began the war in the Navy. In Chapter VIII he covers the April trip of the Virginia and the preparations to take the Monitor while he was on the Beaufort. (Copy at MT)
• DeKay, James Tertius.
  Monitor: The Story of the Revolutionary Ship and the Man whose Invention Changed the Course of History.
  Walker. New York, 1997. 247pp. (Copy at MT)
• Delfs, Rainer.
  Monitor und Merrimac :
  das erste Gefecht zwischen gepanzerten Kriegsschiffen bei Hampton Roads am 8. und 9. Marz 1862
  Verlag fur Amerikanistik, Wyk auf Fohr, West-Germany : 1991. 64pp. (Copy at UW-Madison)
• Delgado, James P.
  "A Symbol of American Ingenuity"
  Assessing the Significance of U.S.S. Monitor
  Historical Context Study for the Civil War Ironclad Warship U.S.S. Monitor.
  National Park Service. Washington, D.C. 1988. 58pp.
• Devens, Richard Miller
  Our First Century:
  being a popular descriptive portraiture of the one hundred great and memorable events of perpetual interest in the history of our country, political, military, mechanical, social, scientific and commercial: embracing also delineations of all the great historic characters celebrated in the annals of the republic: men of heroism, statesmanship, genius, oratory, adventure and philanthropy.
  C. A. Nichols & Co., Springfield, Mass. 1876. 1007pp.
  Chapter XCII: "Extraordinary Combat Between the Iron-Clads Merrimac and Monitor, in Hampton Roads.--1862." pp 789-797 (Online copy at Making of America at UMich)
  This article appears to have been written entirely from third- or fourth-hand accounts as it is inexcusably full of inaccuracies. There are some interesting "facts" but one cannot accept them as factual amongst the errors.
• Ditzel, Paul C.
  Quantrill, the Civil War's Wildest Killer :
  and Other True Adventure Stories of the Civil War
  FBH Publishers, New Albany, IN : 1991. 111pp
  True adventure stories from the Civil War series. Chapter: "An inside look at the Monitor and the Merrimac" (Copy at UW-Madison)
• Divine, David (pseudonym of Arthur Durham Divine).
  Thunder on the Chesapeake .
  New York, Macmillan, 1961. 399 pp. (Copy at LoV, NPL)
  Fiction.
• Donald, David, editor
  Inside Lincoln's Cabinet
  The Civil War Diaries of Salmon P. Chase
  Longmans, Green and Co., New York. 1954. 341pp.
  Chapter 2 (pp 74-86) contain letters about the events of early May leading to the capture of Norfolk and the destruction of the Virginia . (Copy at MT)
• Donnelly, Ralph W.
  The History of the Confederate States Marine Corps .
  1976. Published by the Author, Washington, D.C. (Copy at HRNM)
• Donovan, Frank Robert.
  The Ironclads .
  Illustrated by Frank Kramer.  A Wonderful World Book.  Barnes. New York.  1961. 125pp.
• Donovan, Frank Robert.
  Ironclads of the Civil War .
  American Heritage Junior Library.
  New York, American Heritage Pub. Co. 1964. 153pp. (Copy at NPL, VPI, UVA)
• Dorr, Ebenezer P.
  A Brief Sketch of the First Monitor and its Inventor:
  a paper read before the Buffalo historical society, January 5, 1874.
  Matthews & Warren, Buffalo, 1874. 52pp. (Copy at Mich. State Univ., UW-Madison)
• Draper, John William, MD, LLD
  History of the American Civil War
  Harper & Bros., New York. 3 Vol. 1867-1870.
  Vol. II, Chapter LVI: "The Battle of the Iron Ships". pp 418-426. Inaccurate details of the battle. Does list ordnance expended by Minnesota and Monitor. Online copy at the Making of America at the Univ. of Michigan.
• Dudley, William S.
  Going South: U.S. Navy Officer Resignations & Dismissals on the Eve of the Civil War.
  Naval Historical Foundation Publication, Series 2, No. 27. Washington: Naval Historical Foundation, 1981. 55 pp.
• Durkin, Joseph T., S.J.
  Confederate Navy Chief: Stephen R. Mallory.
  Classics in Maritime History series. University of South Carolina Press. South Carolina. 1987. Originally copyright 1954 by the University of North Carolina Press. 446pp. (1987 Copy at MT)
• Duyckinck, Evert Augustus
  National History of the War for the Union, Civil, Military, and Naval
  Founded on official and other authentic documents
  Johnson, Fry and Company, New York. 3 volumes. 1861
  Volume 2, Chapter LVII: "The Merrimac and Monitor, March 8th and 9th, 1862." p 296-312. Very good detail. Online copy at the Making of America, Univ. of Michigan. Yes, the copyright is listed as 1861 even though it covers events of 1862.
• Eisenschiml, Otto, and Newman, Ralph.
  The Civil War: An American Iliad as Told by Those Who Lived It.
  (Konecky & Konecky Civil War Library) New York: Bobbs Merrill Co., 1966. 719 pp.
• Eliasson, Erik.
  Captain John Ericsson in New York
  John Ericsson Society, New York. 1988. 104pp. (Copy at UMinn, UW-Madison)
• Ericsson, John.
  Contributions to the Centennial Exhibition .
  The Nation: New York. 1876. 577pp. (Copy at UMinn, UW-Madison, UNC)
• Evans, Gen. Clement A.
  Confederate Military History
  New York, Thomas Yoseloff. 1899.. Reprinted by A. S. Barnes and Co., Inc. 1962. (Copy at WMVa)
  Volume XII, Chapter VI, written by Captain William Harwar Parker, covers the Hampton Roads area from March to May 1862.
• Fisher, K.J.
  "Titanic Coastal Clash."
  America's Civil War. 2, May 1989. pp. 34-40.
• Fiveash, Joseph Gardner.
  Virginia-(Merrimac) Monitor Engagement and a Complete History of the Operations of These Two Historic Vessels in Hampton Roads and Adjacent Waters.
  C.S.S. Virginia, March 8-May 11, 1862, U.S.S. Monitor, March 9 [1862]-January 2d 1863.
  Norfolk, Va., Fiveash Pub. Corp. 1907. 29 p (Copy at LoV, NPL, Wayne, Duke. Original at UVA.)
  Perhaps more in the Fiveash family, Papers, 1906-1908, Accession #38-121, Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.
• Flanders, Alan B.
  The Merrimac. The Story of the Conversion of the U.S.S. Merrimac into the Confederate Ironclad Warship, C.S.S. Virginia.
  (No publisher listed. Outgrowth of his Master's Thesis.) 1982.
  Excellent detail on the construction of the Virginia. Flanders often has articles on the Virginia in the Virginian-Pilot. (Copy at NPL, UW-Madison, Duke, MT) (Available at PNSM)
• Flanders, Alan B.
  John L. Porter
  Naval Constructor of Destiny.
  White Stone, VA: Brandylane Publishers. 2000. 65pp.
  (Copy at MT) (Available at PNSM)
• Flanders, Alan B. and Captain Neale O. Westfall, editors
  Memoirs of E. A. Jack
  Steam Engineer, CSS Virginia.
  White Stone, VA: Brandylane Publishers. 1998. 65pp.
  (Copy at MT) (Available at PNSM)
• Flake, Elijah Wilson.
  Battle Between the Merrimac and the Monitor.
  Polkton, NC. 1914. 12pp.
• Fuller, Richard F.
  "Merrimac and Monitor"
  in Chaplain Fuller: being a life sketch of a New England clergyman and army chaplain. Boston. 1863. pp 233-245.
  He was a member of the 16th Massachusetts. [Copy at MT]
• Fox, Gustavus V.
  Confidential Correspondence of Gustavus V. Fox, Assistant Secretary of the Navy, 1861-1865.
  Edited by Robert M. Thompson and Richard Wainwright. New York: Naval History Society, 1918-19. 2 vols.
• Franklin, S. R., Rear-Admiral
  Memories of a Rear-Admiral
  Who has Served for More than Half a Century in the Navy of the United States
  Harper & Brothers Publishers. New York. 1898.
  Aboard the USS Roanoke on March 8, 1862. [Copy at MT]
• Frazer, Chelsea Curtis
  Boys' Book of Sea Fights
  NY. Thomas Y. Crowell. 1920.
• Gentile, Gary
  Ironclad legacy : battles of the USS Monitor
  Philadelphia, PA. G. Gentile Productions, 1993.  280 p (Copy at UNC)
• Georgiady, Nicholas Peter, and Louis G. Romano
  The Ironclads (the Monitor and the Merrimac)
  Independents Pub. Co., Milwaukee, 1966.
  Juvenile literature. Events in American History series. (Copy at Wayne State Univ. UW-Madison)
• Gielow, Martha Sawyer.
  Old Plantation Days.
  New York : R.H. Russell, 1902. 183pp. (Copy at VPI, Duke)
  Chapter: "A brief sketch of Mammy Joe and her account of the sinking of the Merrimac"
• Gilman, William Henry
  Letters Written Home:
  While Acting as Secretary to Commodore John C. Long, Commander of the U.S. Steam Frigate Merrimac on a Voyage to the South American Coast and the Islands of the South Pacific, in the years 1857-1858.
  Exeter, NH. 1911.  96pp.  (Copy at SMU)
• Geoffroy, William
  Facts Connected with the Cruise of the United States Steam Frigate Merrimac, commanded by R. B. Hitchcock, Commander, Late the Flag Ship of the Pacific Squadron, During the Years 1857, 1858, 1859 & 1860.
  Kelly, Hedian & Piet. Baltimore. 1960. 40pp 1976 (Copy at Rice)
• Glazier, Willard, Captain
  Battles for the Union;
  comprising descriptions of many of the most stubbornly contested battles in the war of the great rebellion, together with incidents and reminiscences of the camp, the march and the skirmish line. Embracing a record of the privations, herois deeds, and glorious triumphs of th soldiers of the republic.
  Hartford, Conn., Dustin, Gilman & Co., 1875. 407pp.
  Chapter VIII: "Merrimac and Monitor" pp. 80-93. Another general Civil War history that is full of errors.
• Goldkuhl, Carola.
  Varfor drojer Monitor? :; berattelsen om John Ericsson
  Ehlins, Stockholm. 1950. 157pp. (Copy at UMinn)
  Fiction.
• Greene, Jack and Allessandro Massaignani
  Ironclads at War
  The Origin and Development of the Armored Warship, 1854-1891.
  Combined Publishing. Conshohocken, Pennsylvania. 1998.
  Some 50 pages on the ships and battle. Says according to MaClay, the grounding of the Minnesota was due to the pilot who sided with the Confederacy. Describes a circling technique by Worden. Seems to be reasonably well researched but only a few sources listed.
• Greene, S. Dana.
  "The Fight Between the Monitor and the Merrimac."
  United Service Vol 12. Apr 1885. pp. 448-54
• Greene, Samuel Dana.
  An Eye-Witness Account of the Battle Between the U.S.S. Monitor and the C.S.S. Virginia (Formerly U.S.S. Merrimack) on March 9th, 1862.
  Washington : Naval Historical Foundation, 1962? 6 pp. A Naval Historical Foundation publication (Copy at WMVa. UVA)
• Greene, Samuel Dana.
  The "Monitor" at Sea and in Battle.
  G. Banta Publishing Co., Menasha, Wis. 1923. (Copy at Harvard)
• Greene, Samuel Dana.
  "I Fired the First Gun and Thus Commenced the Great Battle."
  American Heritage 8. Jun 1957. pp. 10-13 & 102-105.
• Gregory, James G.
  The Boy's Picture Book of Boats
  James G. Gregory. 46 Walker St. New York. 1862-1864(?). 24pp.
  Describes the battle between the Merrimac and Monitor on page 16.
• Guernsey, Alfred H. and Alden, Henry M.
  Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War: Contemporary Accounts and Illustrations of the Most Important Magazine of the Time, with 1,000 Scenes, Maps, Plans, and Portraits.
  New York, Gramercy Books, 1866 (originally published). Random House Edition. 836 pp. (Copy at VMI)
• Gurley, E. W.
  The Story of our Mess and Other Stories of the War
  Told by Soldiers and Sailors.
  New York : John W. Lovell, 1887?. 164pp. (Copy at UVA)
• Guttman, Jon
  "Rebel Stand at Drewry's Bluff"
  America's Civil War Magazine. Leesburg, Va. Vol 10. No. 5. Nov. 1997. (Copy at MT)
• Guttman, Jon
  "Rebel's Stand at Drewry's Bluff"
  America's Civil War Magazine. Leesburg, Va. Jan. 2003.
  Article on the web at America's Civil War.
• Hammar, Hugo.
  John Ericssons Monitor och drabbningen pa Hampton Roads.
  H. Geber, Stockholm :1937. 61pp (Copy at UMinn)
• Harbeck, Charles T.
  A Contribution to the Bibliography of the History of the United States Navy.
  The Riverside Press, Cambridge. 1906. (Copy at Rice)
• Headley, J. T.
  Farragut and our Naval Commanders
  E. B. Treat & Company. 1867. 609pp
  Chapter on Worden is pp 512-522. Headley repeats the grossest of inaccurate reports of the Monitor-Virginia battle. (Online at UMich, Copy at MT).
• Stan. V. Henkels (Firm)
  Nuggets of American history :
  An Unusual Collection of Pamphlets Relating to the Civil War, Confederate States, Abraham Lincoln, General R.E. Lee, Monitor and Merrimac fight, Maryland, Indiana, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Philadelphia, Oregon, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, etc., a copy of Mason's "Pequot War," Boston, 1736 (1st edition) ... to be sold Tuesday afternoon, April 20, 1915 ...
  Philadelphia, PA : S.V. Henkels, 1915. 48pp. (Copy at LoV)
• Hertz, Emanuel.
  Abraham Lincoln, his Inventive Mind.
  1930. 15pp (Copy at UW-Madison)
• Hewitt, John H.
  War: A Poem, with Copious Notes, Founded on the Revolution of 1861-62, (Up to the Battles before Richmond, Inclusive).
  West and Johnston, Richmond, 1862. 85pp (Electronic copy at UNC-CH).
  See page 16 for description of the destruction of the USS Merrimack and page 53 for the battle with the Cumberland, Congress, Monitor.
• Hill, Dina B. (editor).
  Analysis and Preservation of Hull Plate Samples from the Monitor.
  The Division, Raleigh, N.C. : 1981.114pp. U.S.S. Monitor technical report series (Copy at UW-Madison)
• Hill, Frederic Stanhope.
  Twenty-six Historic Ships;
  The Story of Certain Famous Vessels of War and of their Successors in the Navies of the United States and of the Confederate States of America from 1775 to 1902.
  G. P. Putnam's Sons. New York and London. 1902. 515pp.
• Hoehling, A. A.
  Thunder at Hampton Roads.
  Prentice-Hall. Englewood Cliffs, NJ 1976 (Reprinted by De Capo Press. New York. 1993).
  Full of references but written as though it were a Federal propaganda piece from 1862. Reports erroneous quotes as though they were fact. (Copy at NCSU, MT)
• Holley, Alexander L.
  "Iron-Clad Ships and Heavy Ordnance"
  Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 11, Issue 63, pp. 85-95. Atlantic Monthly Co. Boston. January 1863
• Hollyday, Lamar.
  "The Virginia and the Monitor"
  in Confederate Veteran. V. XXX, 1922. p 380-382.
• Hopkins, Garland Evans.
  The First Battle of Modern Naval History.
  Richmond, Va., The House of Dietz, 1943. 34pp. (Copy at LoV, WMVa, UVA, UNC)
• Hubinger, Bert
  "Can We Ever Raise the Monitor?"
  In Civil War Times Illustrated, June, 1997 pp 38-48.
• Johnson, R.U. and C.C. Buel.
  Battles and Leaders of the Civil War.
  The Century Co., The De Vinne Press. New York, 1887.
  Later reprinted by Castle, a division of Book Sales, Inc., Secaucus, NJ, 1991(?).
  Also, selections extracted into Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, Selected and edited by Ned Bradford, Meridian, Penguin Group, New York, 1989. (Copyright 1956 by Ned Bradford.)
  This series was published in 1887-1888 of articles presented in Century Magazine. The articles about the Virginia and Monitor are in the first volume (of four), entitled "The Opening Battles". (1887 Copy at VMI; 1991 Copy at MT. Electronic copy at eHistory)
• Jones, Charles Colcock, assisted by J.R.F. Tattnall (the Commodore's son).
  The Life and Services of Commodore Josiah Tattnall.
  Savannah, Ga. Morning News Steam Printing House. 1878. 255pp. (Copy at VMI)
• Jones, Robert A.
  "Aftermath of an Ironclad"
  in Civil War Times Illustrated. Vol. 1, October 1972, pp 21-26.
• Jones, Thomas Catesby.
  The Iron-Clad Virginia.
  in The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography..  Vol. XLIX No 4, October 1941. pp 297-303.  Virginia Historical Society. Richmond, Virginia. (Copy at MT)
• Jones, Thomas Catesby.
  "The Merrimack and Her Big Guns"
  in The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography.  Vol. L No 1, January 1942. pp 13-37. Virginia Historical Society. Richmond, Virginia. (Copy at MT)
• Jones, Virgil C.
  The Civil War at Sea.
  New York: Holt & Reinhart, 1960-62. 3 vols. (Specifically, Vol 1, "The Blockaders")
• Keeler, William Frederick.
  Aboard the USS Monitor: 1862;
  the letters of Acting Paymaster William Frederick Keeler, U.S. Navy, to his wife, Anna.
  Edited by Robert W. Daly. Annapolis, U.S. Naval Institute 1964. 278pp. (Copy at MT, LoV, VMI, NPL, VPI,NCSU)
• Keeler, William Frederick
  The Unpublished Private Log of the USS Monitor, 1862-1865.
  (Microform) University Microfilms. Ann Arbor, Mich. 1960.
  Photocopy of holograph letters, Jan 12, 1862-Nov. 12, 1865.
• Kell, John McIntosh
  Recollections of a Naval Life Including the Cruises of the Confederate States Steamers "Sumter" and "Alabama",
  The Neale Company, Washington, 1900. 307pp. (Electronic copy at UNC-NC)
  Contains letter by Robert D. Minor of March 1862 regarding the battles of the Virginia.
  
• Kelland, Clarence Budington.
  The Monitor Affair.
  Popular Library, New York: 1960. 160pp.
  Fiction. (Copy at UMinn)
• Kennon, Beverley.
  Ralph in Action, or, 'Tween Decks on the Merrimac.
  Street & Smith, New York: 1896. 32pp
  Children's Literature. (Copy at UMinn)
• Kettell, Thomas Prentice.
  History of the Great Rebellion,
  from its commencement to its close, giving an account of its origin, the secession of the southern states, and the formation of the Confederate government, the concentration of the military and financial resources of the federal government ... together with sketches of the lives of all the eminent statesmen and military and naval commanders, with a full and complete index. From official sources
  L.Stebbins, F. A. Howe, Hartford and Cincinnati. 1866. 778pp.
  Chapter XX: pp. 245-250. Has detail on the land events at Hampton Roads, but the naval details are inaccurate. See the electronic copy at Making of America at the Univ. of Michigan.
• Kismaric, Carole.
  Duel of the Ironclads.
  New York, Time-Life Books. Spotlight on History series.1969. 51 pp. (Copy at NPL)
• La Bree, Benjamin (editor)
  The Confederate soldier in the Civil War, 1861-1865.
  Prefaced by a eulogy by Major-General Fitzhugh Lee ... The foundation and formation of the Confederacy and the secession of the Southern States and prominent parts taken by Hon. Jefferson Davis ... Hon. Alexander H. Stephens ... and others. Campaigns, battles, sieges, charges, skirmishes, etc. By General Robert E. Lee, Generals Albert Sidney Johnston ... and others. The Confederate States Navy, from its first organization to the end of the war. Naval engagements, blockade running, operations of cruisers, torpedo service, etc. By Admiral Franklin Buchanan ... Rear Admiral Raphael Semmes ... etc.
  Louisville, Ky., The Prentice Press (The Courier-Journal Job Printing Co.) 1897. (First published 1895. Reprinted by Pageant Books in Paterson, N.J., in 1959) 480pp
  Has a chapter "Battle between the Virginia and the Monitor"
• Lamb, Martha J.
  "John Ericcson, the Builder of the Monitor, 1803-1889."
  Magazine of American History 25. January 1891. pp. 1-17
• Latham, Jean Lee.
  Man of the Monitor; The Story of John Ericsson.
  New York, Harper 1962 231 pp.
  Juvenile literature. (Copy at NPL, UMich)
• Lauer, Conrad Newton.
  John Ericsson, engineer, 1803-1889.
  A Newcomen publication.   Glenloch, Pa.  1939. 10pp.  (Copy at UNC)
• Lecomte, Ferdinand
  The war in the United States. Report to the Swiss military department; proceded by a discourse to the Federal military society assembled at Berne, Aug. 18, 1862.
  Translated from the French. De la guerre actuelle des États-Unis d'Amérique. New York, D. Van Nostrand, 1863. 148pp. (Online copy at UMich)
• Le Fancheur, L. J.
  Fight between the "Merrimac" and the "Monitor."
  Norfolk. M. Belfor. [1890] 9pp.
• Lewis, Charles Lee.
  Admiral Franklin Buchanan, Fearless Man of Action.
  The Norman, Remington Company. Baltimore. 1929. 285pp.
• Lewis, Charles Lee.
  "Admiral Franklin Buchanan"
  in Confederate Veteran V. XXXVII, 1929. pp 414-419.
• Littleton, William Graham.
  The Cumberland, the Monitor and the Virginia (Popularly Called the Merrimac)
  being an address delivered at the meeting of the Pennsylvania Commandery, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, held May 10, 1933, at the Union League of Philadelphia.
  Penn. MOLLUS, Philadelphia, 1933. 19 p. (Copy at LoV)
• Lockard, William Abram II.
  The C. S. S. Virginia (Merrimack); or, Billy and the Ironclad.
  New York, Exposition Press 1972. 175 pp. (Copy at LoV, NPL)
  Juvenile fiction.
• Love, Robert W., Jr.
  History of the U. S. Navy. V. 1, 1775-1941.
  Stackpole Books, Harrisburg, PA. 1992. 731pp. (Copy at VMI, MT)
• Luce, Stephen Bleecker.
  The Story of the Monitor.
  Boston?. 1902?. pp 127-154. Also published in the Papers of the Military Historical Society of Massachusetts, vol. XII. (Boston: Published for the Society by Griffith-Stallings Press, 1902.)
• Luraghi, Raimondo.
  A History of the Confederate Navy.
  Naval Institute Press. Annapolis, Maryland. 1996. (Copy at VMI, MT)
  
• Mabry, W. S.
  Brief Sketch of the Career of Catesby ap Roger Jones.
  Privately published, Selma, AL, January, 1912. 55pp
  Jones lived in the Mabry home after the war until his death. Mabry had access to him and his papers. This can be found at most libraries that have a collection on the Virginia. Mabry Tyson has an electronic version as well. (Copy at LoV, VMI,UNC)
• MacBride, Robert.
  Civil War Ironclads: The Dawn of Naval Armor.
  Philadelphia, Chilton Books. 1962. 185 pp (Copy at NPL, VPI)
• Macartney, Clarence Edward.
  Mr Lincoln's Admirals.
  New York, Funk & Wagnalls Co. 1956. (Copy at WMVa, MT)
  See the chapter on Worden, pp 172-199.
• MacCord, Charles W., Sc.D.
  "Ericsson and his 'Monitor'"
  The North American Review. Vol. 149, Issue 395. Univ. of Northern Iowa. Cedar Falls, Iowa. October 1889. pp. 460-472.
  A look at Ericsson, by a former Chief Draughtsman. He seems to know the man and not just the inventions.
• Marshall, Ian H.
  Ironclads and Paddlers.
  Howell Press.  Charlottesville, VA. 1993.  108pp.
• Martin, Charles, USN.
  Personal Reminiscences of the Monitor and Merrimac Engagement, and Destruction of the Congress and Cumberland.
  A paper read before the Commandery of New York, Military Order, Loyal Legion, United States, May 5, 1886.
  New York: MacGowan & Slipper, Printers. 1886. 8pp (Copy at UVA, MT) . Apparently reprinted by Broadfoot, Wilmington, NC:1992. pp. 1-16.
• The Mariners' Museum; Marvel, William, editor.
  The Monitor Chronicles
  One Sailor's Account.. Today's Campaign to Recover the Civil War Wreck.
  Simon & Schuster. New York, NY. 2000. 272pp.
  Historical text largely based on and including Civil War letters written by George Geer. (Copy at MT)
• Martin, Sharron, Historian General of the UDC
  "Confederate Iron: Birth of the Armored Fleet"
  UDC Magazine, August 1999. pp 8-9.
• Mason, F. van Wyck (Francis van Wyck).
  Armored Giants : A Novel of the Civil War.
  Boston : Little, Brown, 1980. 339 pp. (Copy at NPL, MT)
• McCordock, Robert Stanley.
  The Yankee Cheese Box.
  Philadelphia, Dorrance and company. 1938. 470 pp. (Copy at LoV, NPL, WMVa, UVA)
• McMaster, G. Trotten.
  "A Little Unwritten History of the Original U.S.S. Monitor."
  USNIP 27. December 1901. pp. 725-32
• Melander, Richard.
  Sjoluft :; berattelser.
  P.A. Norstedt, Stockholm : 1897. 172pp.
  Chapter: "Under stjarnbaneret: Merrimac och Monitor." (Copy at UMinn)
• Melton, Maurice.
  The Confederate Ironclads.
  South Brunswick, NJ. T. Yoseloff. 1968. 319 pp. (Copy at NPL, Houston Public Library)
• The Merrimac and Monitor Panorama Company.
  The Merrimac and Monitor Naval Engagement Illustated or
  A Comprehensive Sketch of the Merrimac and Monitor Naval Battle Giving an Accurate Account of the Most Important Naval Engagement in the Annals of War.
  New York, The Merrimac and Monitor Panorama Company, 1886. 15pp (Copy at LoV, UVA, Wayne, MT)
• Middleton, Allecia Hopton.
  Life in Carolina and New England during the nineteenth century, as illustrated by reminiscences and letters of the Middleton family of Charleston, South Carolina, and of the DeWolf family of Bristol, Rhode Island.
  Bristol, Rhode Island. 1929. 233pp.
  Admiral Marston on the "Monitor" and the "Merrimac".
• Miller, Edward M.
  USS Monitor: The Ship that Launched a Modern Navy.
  Leeward Publications, Annapolis, 1978. 125 pp. (Copy at UMich, Wayne, UW-Madison, UNC)
• Mindell, David A.
  War, Technology, and Experience aboard the USS Monitor
  Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2000. 187pp.
• Moehring, Eugene P., and Keylin, Arleen, Eds.
  The Civil War Extra: From the Pages of The Charleston Mercuy & The New York Times.
  New York: Arno Press, 1975. 310 pp.
  Contains facsimilies of the front pages of these papers reporting the March 9th battle. (Copy at VMI)
• Mokin, Arthur.
  Ironclad : the Monitor and the Merrimack.
  Novato, CA : Presidio, 1991. 274 p.
  Fiction. See the author's site. (Copy at LoV, UVA, NCSU, MT)
• Morgan, James Morris.
  Recollections of a Rebel Reefer.
  Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston and New York, 1917. 491p. (Electronic version at UNC-CH)
  A description of the battle at Drewry's Bluff begins on page 80.
• Monitor Conference.
  The Monitor, Its Meaning and Future :
  papers from a national conference, Raleigh, North Carolina, April 2-4, 1978.
  Preservation Press, Washington. 1978. 132pp. (Copy at UW-Madison, NCSU)
• Mooney, James L. (editor).
  Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships.
  Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy, Washington, DC., 1969.
  I only have access to an electronic version of DANFS here and here/here. This document provides details on every ship of both the Union and Confederate Navies.
• Moore, Frank.
  The Rebellion Record: A Diary of American Events.
  Vol. 4. Jan 62 - May 62. New York: G.P. Putnam, 1862. viii+536+106+xv pp. (Copy at VMI, MT)
• Moore, Frank, editor.
  "The Fight in Hampton Roads"
  in Anecdotes, Poetry, and Incidents of the War: North and South. 1860-1865
  New York, Publication office, Bible house, J. Porteus, agent, 1867. 560 pp
  pp. 404-407.
• Morris, Gouverneur.
  The Spread Eagle,; and Other Stories.
  C. Scribner's Sons, New York, 1910. 357pp.
  Chapter: "The 'Monitor' and the 'Merrimac.'" (Copy at Wayne)
• Morris, Robert.
  Three Hundred Thousand More.
  King and Baird, Printers. Philadelphia. 186-.
  Patriotic poetry. "Monitor and Merrimac"
• Muga, Bruce J. (Bruce Jennings)
  Engineering investigation, U.S.S. Monitor :
  prepared for Underwater Archaeology Branch, Division of Archives and History, Department of Cultural Resources, State of North Carolina .
  U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Coastal Zone Management. Washington, D.C. ; Dept. of Cultural Resources. Raleigh, N.C. 1982 160pp
• Names, Larry D.
  Man-of-War.
  Ironclads Series. The Hearst Corporation. (Avon Books also?). New York. 1995. 374pp.
  Historical fiction.
• National Ocean Survey. Office of Coastal Zone Management.
  Monitor Marine Sanctuary : 
  an archaeological and engineering assessment : operations manual.
  Sponsored by Office of Coastal Zone Management, National Oceanic
   and Atmospheric Administration in cooperation with Harbor Branch Foundation, Incorporated and North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources.
  Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Coastal Zone Management . Washington. 1979.  182pp.
• Naval History (August 1996)
  United States Naval Institute.
  U.S. Naval Institute. Annapolis, MD. August, 1996.
  Magazine (subject Ironclads- early warships)
• Newton, John G.
  "How We Found the 'Monitor'"
  in National Geographic. Washington. 1975. N.G.S. Volume 147, No. 1, January 1975. pp 48-61.
• Newton, Virginius.
  The Confederate States Ram Merrimac or Virginia:
  The History of her Plan and Construction, and her Engagements with the United States Frigate Monitor.
  Hermitage Press, Richmond. 1907.  34pp. (Copy at LoV, VMI, UVA, UTA, SMU)
  I believe this is the same as the 1892 SHSP article.
• Newton, Virginius.
  "The Ram Merrimac"
  Southern Historical Society Papers, Vol XX, 1892, pp 1-26.
• Norris, William
  The Story of the Confederate States' Ship "Virginia" (Once Merrimac):
  Her Victory Over the Monitor; Born March 7th, Died May 10th, 1862.
  John B. Piet, Baltimore. 1879 29pp. Also in Southern Historical Society Papers, Number III, Whole Number XLI, Sept. 1916, pp 204-233.
• O'Neil, Charles
  Engagement between the Cumberland and Merrimack.
  US Naval Institute. Annapolis. 1922.
• Our Ironclad Ships.
  W. Blackwood & Sons.  Edinburgh.  1870.  (Copy at NYSL)
• Page, Dave.
  Ships Versus Shore: Civil War Engagements Along Southern Shores and Rivers.
  Nashville, Tenn.: Rutledge Hill Press, 1994. 410 pp. (Copy at MT)
• Panamerican Consultants, Inc and Atlantic Division, Naval Facilities Engineering Command.
  She’s gonna ram! The death of the U.S.S. Cumberland.
  Brochure. No date. (Copy at HRNM)
• Parker, Foxhall A.
  "The Monitor and Merrimac."
  USNIP 1 1874. pp. 155-62.
• Parker, William Harwar.
  Recollections of a Naval Officer, 1841-1865.
  Charles Scribner’s Sons. New York. 1883. 403pp. Reprinted by the Naval Institute Press, Anapolis, Maryland,1985, in their Classics of Naval Literature series.
  Parker was in command of the CSS Beaufort at the Battle of Hampton Roads which is covered on pp 251-305. (Copy at MT)
  See the positive review in the Atlantic Monthly,Vol. 52, Issue 314, December 1883, pp. 835-839.
• Parsons, Iain (Editor).
  The Encyclopedia of sea warfare : from the first ironclads to the present day.
  A Salamander book. Crowell. New York and Spring Books, London.1975. 250 pp.
• Patterson, H. K. W.
  War Memories of Fort Monroe and Vicinity.
  Containing an account of the memorable battle between the "Merrimac" and "Monitor," the incarceration of Jefferson C. [sic] Davis, and other topics ...
  Fort Monroe, Va., Pool & Deuschle, 1885. 102 pp. (Copy at LoV, UVA, Duke)
• Peterkin, Ernest W.
  Drawings of the U.S.S. Monitor:
  A Catalog and Technical Analysis.
  US Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service. Washington, DC. North Carolina Dept. of Cultural Resources, Raleigh, NC. 1985. 588p.
• Phillips, Dinwiddie Brazier
  "The Career of the Iron-Clad Virginia, (formerly the Merrimac), Confederate States Navy, March-May, 1862."
  in Collection of the Virginia Historical Society. Virginia Historical Society. Richmond. New Series, V. 6 (1887) pp 193-231.
• Pizer, Vernon
  Shortchanged by History: America's Neglected Innovators.
  Putnam. New York. 1979. 158pp.
  Juvenile literature. Discusses James Buchanan Eads who launched the first ironclad in American waters.
• Pollard, E. A.
  The Lost Cause:
  a new southern history of the war of the Confederates: comprising a full and authentic account of the rise and progress of the late southern Confederacy--the campaigns, battles, incidents, and adventures of the most gigantic struggle of the world's history.
  New York: Gramercy Books, 1994. Facsimile of the Original 1866 Edition. 852 pp.
  "Naval Fight in Hampton Roads" pp 224-229. "Naval Engagement at Drewry's Bluff" p 270 (1866 Online copy at Making of America at UMich, copy at VMI)
  Less detail on the battle than in his "Southern History" but includes more Union details, including casualties.
• Pollard, Edward Alfred
  Southern History of the War. The First Year of the War
  C. B. Richardson, New York. 1863. 368pp.
  Reprinted from the Richmond Corrected Edition. See pages 268-274 at the Making of America electronic version.
• Post, Lydia Minturn, Mrs., ed.
  Soldiers' Letters, from camps, battle-field and prison.
  Published for the U.S. sanitary commission.
  Bunce & Harrington, New York. 1865.
  Includes Greene's March 14, 1862, letter to his parents.
• Porter, David D.
  Naval History of the Civil War.
  New York: Sherman, 1886. 843 pp. (Copy at MT)
• Porter, John Luke
  C.S.S Virginia (Merrimack)
  Story of her Construction, Battles, etc.
  n.p., n.d. 21pp.
• Porter, John W, H.
  A Record of Events in Norfolk Co., Va., from April 19th, 1861, to May 10th, 1861, with a History of the Soldiers and Sailors of Norfolk County, Norfolk City, and Portsmouth Who Served in the Confederate States Army or Navy.
  Portsmouth, Va.: W. A. Fiske, 1892. Republished by Stonewall Camp, Confederate Veterans, of Portsmouth, 1996. 366 p. (Index added, 47 pp.).
  This accounting is by the son of the constructor of the CSS Virginia. The Virginia and the Battle of Hampton Roads are covered on pp. 327-366. Other biographical information is spread throughout. (1892 copy at LoV, VMI, NPL, VPI. UVA, Wayne; 1996 Copy at MT) (Electronic copy at LoC)
• Potter, E. B
  Illustrated History of the United States Navy .
  Galahad Books, New York. 1971. 287pp.
  The Battle of Hampton Roads is covered on pages 77-83. (Copy at MT)
• Pratt, Fletcher.
  The Monitor and the Merrimac .
  Random House. New York. (Also E.M. Hale, Eau Claire, Wis). 1951.
  A children's book. (Copy at LoV, NPL, VPI, MT)
• Preston, Antony.
  Battleships .
  Bison Books. Greenwich, Conn. 1982. 64pp.
  Describes the different types of battleships used in warfare including wooden and ironclad ships of the past and modern carriers and cruisers.
• Project Cheesebox, A Journey Into History:
  A Research Manuscript .
  Department of History, United States Naval Academy. Annapolis. 1974. 3vol. 1083pp.
• Putnam, Sallie Brock.
  Richmond During the War: Four Years of Personal Observation .
  Lincoln, Neb., University of Nebraska Press, 1996. 389 pp. (Originally published in N. Y.: G. W. Carlton, 1867) (1867 copy at VMI; 1996 Copy at MT)
• Quarstein, John V.
  The Battle of the Ironclads.
  The Civil War History Series. Acadia Publishing. Charleston, SC. 1999. 128pp. paper. (Copy at MT)
• Quarstein, John V.
  C.S.S. Virginia, Mistress of Hampton Roads.
  H. E. Howard, Inc., Appomatox, VA. 2000. 367pp. ISBN-1-56190-118-0.
  G. Richard Hoffeditz Jr. and J. Michael Moore, Research Assistants
  A unique feature of this volume is a small (typically one paragraph) biography of each of the crew! Very useful. Only 1000 copies printed (for 1st edition). (Copy at MT)
• Rae, Thomas W.
  "The Little Monitor Saved Our Lives"
  In American History Illustrated . July 1966. 8pp.
  I haven't seen this article, but he was a Union Navy Engineer in the Civil War.
• Rawson, Edward Kirk.
  Twenty Famous Naval Battles; Salamis to Santiago .
  New York, Boston T. Y. Crowell & Co. 1899. (Copy at VPI, Wayne)
• Reit, Seymour.
  Ironclad! : A True Story of the Civil War .
  New York : Dodd, Mead, 1977. 92 pp.
  Illustrated with old prints and drawings by the author.
  Juvenile fiction. Presents the historic Civil War battle between two ironclad ships, the Merrimac and the Monitor, from the viewpoint of a youth serving aboard the Monitor. (Copy at Wayne)
• Reaney, Henry.
  "The Monitor and Merrimac."
  In War Papers (MOLLUS, MI, Vol. 2). Stone, Detroit. 1898. pp. 167-72.
• Reed, Rowena
  Combined Operations in the Civil War
  Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, MD. 1978. 468pp.
  Gives the background for the military situation in the Peninsular Campaign. p. 138 notes the damage caused by the Virginia's 7" hollow shells on the Monitor and considers the effect of solid iron bolts. (Copy at MT)
• Roe, Louis A.
  The Battle of the Ironclad :
  America's most memorable naval battle.
  Cupples & Leon Coompany, Publishers, New York : 1942. 246pp.
  Fiction.
• Rogers, James C. [compiler].
  Fire-fight on the Chesapeake Bay, March 8-9, 1862 : Virginia History.
  Art by Julia Higginbotham. Richmond : Lyceum Publications, 1976. 39 pp.
  "The Battle of Hampton Roads in the words of participants. " (Copy at UVA)
• Rogers, William.
  "The Loss of the Monitor."
  In War Papers (MOLLUS, ME, Vol. 3). Thurston, Portland, ME. 1908. pp. 77-90.
• Rogers, William Edgar.
  The First Battle of the Iron Clads as Seen by an Eye Witness:
  printed from a talk by Colonel William E. Rogers to the Mount Pleasant Citizens' Association, Washington, D.C., October, 1923.
  Washington, DC. The Association, 1923 18 pp. (Copy at VPI, UVA, UW-Madison)
• Roosevelt, Theodore, et al.
  Stories of the Republic.
  G. P. Putnam's Sons. New York, London. 1912. 397pp.
  "The Duel Between the 'Monitor' and the 'Merrimac'" by W. J. Abbot.
• St. John, Percy B., (Percy Bolingbroke).
  On Board the "Merrimac," or, The Adventures of a Boy Tar in the War of the Rebellion.
  F. Tousey, New York. 1883. 14pp.
  Children's Literature (Copy at UMinn)
• St. Lifer, James A.
  Magnetometer Survey of the U.S.S. Monitor Wreck Site.
  MS Thesis under Robert E. Sheridan. University of Delaware. Newark, Del. 1978. 233pp.
• St. Nicholas .
  Civil War Stories, Retold from St. Nicholas .
  New York, Century Co., 1911 (1905?). 201pp.
  Historical stories retold from St. Nicholas magazine. A. Badeau: "The Merrimac and the Monitor." (Copy at LoV, UVA)
• Sappey, Maureen
  Dreams of Ships, Dreams of Julia: at sea with the Monitor and Merrimac, Virginia 1862
  Shippensburg, Pa: White Mane Press, Young American Series, 1998. (Juvenile. Copy at MT)
• Scharf, J. Thomas.
  History of the Confederate States Navy
  from its organization to the surrender of its last vessel. Its stupendous struggle with the great navy of the United States; the engagements fought in the rivers and harbors of the South, and upon the high seas; blockade-running, first use of iron-clads and torpedoes, and privateer history .
  The Fairfax Press. New York. 1977. (Originally published in 1887 in New York by Rogers & Sherwood.)
  Written by an officer of the CSN in 1887, this book is replete with quotations directly from the official records. Reprinted again in ca. 1996. A must for anyone interested in the navies of the Civil War. (The 1977 reprint has his name as "Sharf" on the cover but "Scharf" on the inside.] (1887 copy at VMI; 1977 Copy at MT)
• Schenkman, David E.
  Tokens & Medals Commemorating the Battle between the Monitor and Merrimac .
  Hampton : Virginia Numismatic Association [Berryville, Va, Distributed by Virginia Book Co.], 1979 23 pp. Special articles on the numismatics of the Commonwealth of Virginia series. (Copy at LoV, UVA, UW-Madison, MT)
• Sears, Stephen W.
  "Surrender to Caution"
  in Naval History . February 1994. pp 32-39. United States Naval Institute.
• Selfridge, Thomas Oliver.
  "The Merrimac and the Cumberland"
  in The Cosmopolitan, A Monthly Illustrated Magazine, Volume XV, The Cosmopolitan Press, NY, 1893, pp 176-184. (Copy at Stanford)
• Selfridge, Thomas Oliver.
  Memoirs of Thomas O. Selfridge, Jr., Rear Admiral, U.S.N.
  with an introduction by Captain Dudley W. Knox. New York & London, G.P. Putnam's sons, 1924. xii, 288 p. front. (port.) plates, maps (part fold.) 24cm. [Copy at LoC]
  Republished with an introduction by William N. Still, Jr., as What Finer Tradition: The Memoirs of Thomas O. Selfridge, Jr. , Rear Admiral, U.S.N. Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina Press, c1987. xxxviii, 288 p. : port. ; 24 cm. [Copy at LoC]
• Shackleton, Robert.
  Strange Stories of the Civil War.
  New York.  Harper & Brothers, 1907. (Copy at Mich. State Univ, UNC)
  Chapter "The Battle between the 'Monitor' and 'Merrimac'" by L. E. Chittenden.
• Sharp, David.
  Looking Inside Ships Through the Ages.
  Rand McNally. Chicago. 1976.
  Juvenile Literature.
• Shingleton, Royce Gordon.
  John Taylor Wood, Ghost of the Confederacy.
  University of Georgia Press. Athens, GA. 1979. 229pp. (Copy at MT)
• Shippen, Edward.
  "Two Battle Pictures (A Reminiscence of the First Ironclad Fight)."
  United Service 4. Jan 1881. pp. 53-78.
• Shippen, Edward
  Thirty Years at Sea
  New York: Arno, 1979 Cloth. 380 pp.
  Reprint of the 1879 edition.
• Shirreffs, Gordon D.
  Powder Boy of the Monitor.
  Westminster Press. Philadelphia. 1961. 188pp.
  Fiction.
• Silverstone, Paul H.
  Warships of the Civil War Navies.
  Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1989. 271 pp.
• Simmons, Gerald, editor.
  The Blockade: Runners and Raiders.
  The Civil War, v. 3. Time-Life Books, Inc. Chicago, Illinois. 1983. 176pp. (Copy at MT)
• Sinclair, Arthur, IV
  "How the Merrimac fought the Monitor"
  Hearst's Magazine, December 1913, pp 884-894.
• Sloan, Benjamin.
  The Merrimac and the Monitor.
  Columbia, S.C. Bureau of Publication, University of South Carolina. 1926. 16pp.  Bulletin of the Univ. of South Carolina, no 18. Oct 15, 1926. (Copy at Duke)
• Smith, Alan C.
  "The Monitor-Merrimac Legend."
  USNIP 46. Mar 1940. pp. 385-89.
• Smith, David Rollin.
  The Monitor & the Merrimac; a Bibliography.
  Los Angeles, University of California Library, 1968. 35 pp. UCLA Library occasional papers, no. 15 (Copy at NPL, WMVa)
• Smith, Gene A.
  Iron and Heavy Guns: Duel Between the Monitor and Merrimac.
  Civil War Campaigns and Commanders Series. Ryan Place Publishers, Fort Worth. 1996.
  Excellent, concise (100 pages) book with lots of detail and little hype. (Copy at MT)
• Smith, Thomas P.
  A True Description of the Fight Between the "Merrimac" and the "Monitor" in Hampton Roads, Va., Sunday, March the 9th, 1862, as Witnessed by Capt. Tom Smith, an Old Blockade Runner.
  12pp. (Copy at NPL)
• Soley, James Russell.
  The Blockade and the Cruisers.
  Charles Scribner’s Sons. New York. 1883. pp 58-77
• Snow, Elliot.
  "The Metamorphosis of the Merrimac."
  USNIP 57. Nov 1931. pp. 1518-21.
• Soucek, Ludvik.
  Rakve utoci : [pro ctenare od 12 let]
  [Josef Polisensky Valka Severu proti Jihu, doslov ; il. Kamil Lhotak]. Praha : Albatros, 1976.
• Spence, Vernon Gladden.
  The Life and Naval Services of Commodore Josiah Tattnall, 1795-1871.
  Master of Arts Thesis. Southern Methodist University. June, 1947.
• Stein, R. Conrad.
  The Story of the Monitor and the Merrimac.
  Illustrated by Keith Neely. Chicago : Childrens Press, 1983. 31pp Cornerstones of Freedom series. (Copy at Alexandria (Va) Library, NPL)
  Children's non-fiction.
• Stern, Philip van Doren.
  The Confederate Navy: A Pictorial History.
  Da Capo Press. New York, 1992. (Originally Garden City. N. Y.: Doubleday, 1962.) 253 pp.
  This book presents a number of illustrations of the battle and these ships (pages 79-89). Other books in this listing have more details. (1962 copy at VMI; 1992 copy at MT)
• Stevens, William Oliver
  The Boy's Book of Famous Warships.
  R. M. McBride & Company. New York. 1916. 248pp.
• Stiles, Israel N.
  "The Merrimac and Monitor"
  in Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. Illinois Commandery, v. 1, pp 125-133. Chicago. 1891. Apparently reprinted by Broadfoot, Wilmington, NC., 1991. pp. 185-210.
• Still, William N.
  Archival Sources:
  a study of unpublished sources found in the Washington, D.C. area and New York City concerning the engineering and technical aspects of the U.S.S. Monitor.
  Division of Archives and History, Raleigh, N.C. 1981. Also, Underwater Archeology Branch, Kure Beach, N.C. 16pp. (Copy at UW-Madison)
• Still, William Norwood, Jr.
  The Construction and Fitting Out of Ironclad Vessels-of-War Within the Confederacy
  Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Alabama. 1964. 203pp. (Copy at MT)
• Still, William N., Jr.
  Iron Afloat.
  University of South Carolina Press. Columbia, South Carolina. 1985. Apparently originally published in 1971 by the Vanderbilt University Press, Nashville, Tenn. (1971 copy at VMI; 1985 copy at MT)
• Still, William N.
  Ironclad Captains : the commanding officers of the USS Monitor .
  Marine and Estuarine Management Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Dept. of Commerce : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O. ,Washington, D.C. 1988. 79pp. (Copy at Wayne)
• Still, William N.
  Monitor Builders:
  a historical study of the principal firms and individuals involved in the construction of USS Monitor .
  National Maritime Initiative, Division of History, National Park Service, Dept of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 1988. 51pp (Copy at Mich State Univ, Wayne)
• Still, William
  "Prelude to a Duel".
  In Civil War Times Illustrated , June, 1997.
• Still, William N., Jr., John M. Taylor, Norman C. Delaney
  Raiders and Blockaders: The American Civil War Afloat
  Brassey's, Washington, London. 1998. 273pp.
  Chapter 2: "The Historical Importance of the USS Monitor" by William N. Still, Jr. (Copy at MT)
• Stuyvesant, Moses Sherwood,.
  How the U.S. ship Cumberland went down : 
  a paper read before the Missouri Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, February 5th, 1887
  St. Louis : Smith & Owens Print Co., 1887. 8 p. (Copy at Duke) Also, v. I, pp 204-210. St. Louis, 1892. 
• Suarce, Baron de.
  Le Monitor et le Merrimac.
  Paris : Imprimerie Centrale des Chemins de Fer de Napoleon Chaix et Ce, 1862. 23 pp. (Copy at LoV)
• Sullivan, David M.
  The United States Marine Corps in the Civil War -- The First Year.
  White Mane Publishing Company, Inc. Shippenburg, PA. 1997. 350pp.
  See also the next three volumes.(Copy at MT)
• Swinton, William.
  The Twelve Decisive Battles of the War: a History of the Eastern and Western Campaigns, in Relation to the Actions that Decided their Issue.
  New York, Dick & Fitzgerald, 1867. 520 pp.  (Microfiche 1970) (Copy at LoV, VPI, UVA, Wayne)
• Symonds, Craig L.
  Confederate Admiral: The Life and Wars of Franklin Buchanan
  Library of Naval Biography. Naval Institute Press. Annapolis, MD. 1999. 274pp. (Copy at MT)
• Tales of Old Fort Monroe, a Series of Monographs.
  Newport News, Va., Committee for the Fort Monroe Casemate Museum, 1957. Reprinted 1962.
  Contents: No. 9. Abraham Lincoln's campaign against the Merrimac, No. 12. The Monitor and the Merrimac.
• Tattnall, Josiah.
  Proceedings of a Naval General Court Martial, in the Case of Captain Josiah Tattnall.
  Richmond: Macfarlane & Fergusson, 1862. (Microform 1974) (Copy at VPI, Original at Boston Athenaeum)
• Tazewell, William L.
  Norfolk's Waters: An Illustrated Maritime History of Hampton Roads.
  Produced in association with Nautical Adventures, Inc. Windsor Publications. Woodland Hills, CA. 1982.
  The Monitor and Merrimac are covered on pages 84-95 with a number of images. (Copy at MT)
• Thompson, Stephen C.
  "The Design and Construction of USS Monitor".
  Warship International Vol. 27 (1990), No. 3, pp 222-239.
• Thurston, Arthur.
  Arthur Thurston's Tallahassee Skipper :
  the biography of John Taylor Wood, Merrimac gunner, soldier-at-sea, guardian of the Confederate treasury, adopted Nova Scotian.
  A. Thurston Publications, Yarmouth, N.S. 1981 (1989?) (Lescarbot Press). 434pp (Copy at UW-Madison, UNC)
• W.P. Tilley & Co.
  A Sketch of the History and Exploits of the Famous Confederate Ram Merrimac:
  presented to the public in connection with the enterprise of securing, as relics, canes manufactured from the live oak timber of this celebrated iron clad ram and which we now offer for sale.
  1876[?] 4 p. (Copy at LoV)
• Tindall, William.
  The True Story of the Virginia and the Monitor; the Account of an Eye-witness.
  Richmond, Va., Old Dominion press, inc., 1923. 90 pp (Copy at UVA, UNC) Also in The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol XXXI, 1923, Virginia Historical Society. (Copy at MT)
  An excellent, thoroughly researched treatise on the battles.  He draws upon much first-hand information gathered from other witnesses and participants.  This Union soldier concludes that the Monitor withdrew from the battle under fire and waited until the Virginia left before venturing out into the battlefield.
• Trexler, Harrison Anthony.
  The Confederate Ironclad "Virginia" ("Merrimac").
  Chicago, Ill., The University of Chicago Press. 1938. (Reprinted in Ann Arbor, MI, 1975) 95pp (Copy at LoV, VMI, NPL, UVA, NCSU)
• Trigg, Angela
  A Romantic Adventurer Comes of Age:
  The Life of Daniel Trigg of Abingdon, Virginia
  Masters Thesis, Georgia State University. 1997. 189pp
  Daniel Trigg was on the Jamestown. This electronic copy (pdf format) supplied by, and posted with the perimission of, the author (8 Apr 2002).
• Trolle, H. af, (Henrik).
  Hinsidan Atlanten :; svensken i Amerika : Monitor och Merrimac.
  Sweden, 1905. 544pp (Copy at UMinn)
• Trotter, William R.
  Ironclads and Columbiads
  Winston-Salem, NC, J.F. Blair. 1989.
• Tucker, Rockwell G. (compiler)
  Environmental data : a survey of the existing literature, weather, and hydrographic data related to the environment of the Monitor Marine Sanctuary.
  :North Carolina Dept. of Cultural Resources, Division of Archives and History.  Raleigh, NC. 1979. 37pp.
• Tucker, Spencer
  Arming the Fleet: U.S. Navy Ordnance in the Muzzle-Loading Era
  Naval Institute Press. Annapolis, MD. 1989. 308pp.
  Well-researched detail on the Dahlgren and Brooke guns. (Copy at MT)
• Turner, Maxine.
  Navy Gray. A Story of the Confederate Navy on the Chattahoochee and Apalachicola Rivers.
  The University of Alabama Press. Tuscaloosa, AL. 1988.357pp.
  Catesby Jones and a number of the crew went to Georgia after Drewry's Bluff. This includes them in Georgia. (Copy at MT)
• US News & World Report
  "Have Searchers Found the Merrimack?"
  August 11, 1980, p54.
• United States Government Printing Office[?]
  Preliminary report of the Virginia (Merrimac)-Monitor Commission.
  relative to the erection of a memorial in commemoration of the battles of the Merrimac and the Monitor and several other vessels, at Hampton Roads, Va., on March 8 and 9, 1862, submitted pursuant to H. Con. Res. 32, seventy-sixth Congress.
  G.P.O., Washington : 1940. Senate document (United States. Congress (76th, 3d session : 1940-1941). Senate) ; no. 179. Document / 76th Congress, 3d session, Sen. ; no. 179. (Copy at UW-Madison)
• United States Government Printing Office[?]
  Virginia (Merrimac)-Monitor Commission.
  House of Representatives, 76th Congress, 1st session, report no. 1168. Washington, DC. 1939?. 7pp. (Copy at LoV, UVA, Wayne, UW-Madison) Microfiche in 1983.
• United States Gove